English-speaking Countries: Fact Sheet about the Republic of Ireland
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Republic of Ireland, often simply called Ireland, is a beautiful and culturally rich country in northwestern Europe. It is sometimes nicknamed the Emerald Isle because of its lush green landscapes.
The modern Irish state was founded in 1922 as the Irish Free State after the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which ended the Irish War of Independence. In 1949, it officially became the Republic of Ireland.
Fact Sheet about the Republic of Ireland
1. Location & Geography
- Location: Occupies about five-sixths of the island of Ireland, with Northern Ireland (part of the United Kingdom) covering the rest.
- Area: Around 70,273 km² (27,133 sq mi).
- Borders & Seas:
- West & North – Atlantic Ocean
- Northeast – North Channel
- East – Irish Sea (links to the Atlantic via St George’s Channel)
- Southwest – Celtic Sea
- Landscape: Rolling green hills, rugged coastlines, mountains, and scenic lakes (loughs).
2. Capital City – Dublin
- Dublin is the largest and most populated city.
- The name comes from the Irish Dubhlinn, meaning “black pool”.
- Located on the east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey.
- Known for its historic architecture, lively pubs, museums, and role in Irish literature.
3. Population
- Population in 2008: ~4.35 million.
- Current population (2025 estimate): Over 5 million.
- Known for its friendly and welcoming people.
4. Languages
- Irish (Gaeilge) – national and first official language.
- English – also an official language and widely spoken.
- Road signs, official documents, and some TV programs are in both languages.
Quick Facts for Students
- Flag: Green (Catholic/nationalist tradition), White (peace), Orange (Protestant/unionist tradition).
- Currency: Euro (€).
- Climate: Mild and wet, with no extreme temperatures.
- Famous Symbols: Shamrock ☘, harp, Celtic knots.
- Popular Exports: Literature, traditional music, Guinness beer, IT services.
Why Visit Ireland?
- Explore ancient castles like Blarney Castle and Bunratty Castle.
- Visit natural wonders such as the Cliffs of Moher and the Giant’s Causeway (in Northern Ireland).
- Discover Irish literature through writers like James Joyce, W.B. Yeats, and Seamus Heaney.
- Enjoy traditional music and dance in lively pubs.
FAQs about the Republic of Ireland
What are 5 facts about Ireland?
1. Ireland is also known as the “Emerald Isle” for its lush green landscapes.
2. Dublin is the capital and largest city, located on the east coast.
3. Both Irish (Gaeilge) and English are official languages.
4. The country occupies about five-sixths of the island of Ireland; Northern Ireland makes up the rest.
5. Ireland became an independent state in 1922 after the Anglo-Irish Treaty.
What is Ireland famous for?
Ireland is famous for its stunning scenery, friendly people, traditional music, historic castles, and literary giants like James Joyce and W.B. Yeats. It’s also known for cultural celebrations like St. Patrick’s Day.
Why is Ireland so interesting?
Ireland combines rich history, vibrant culture, breathtaking landscapes, and a strong literary tradition. Visitors are drawn to its myths, folklore, music, and welcoming atmosphere.
Is Ireland a good place to live for students?
Yes. Ireland is home to excellent universities, a safe environment, and a multicultural community. Many cities, especially Dublin, Galway, and Cork, offer student-friendly amenities and vibrant social life.
How safe is Ireland for students?
Ireland is generally very safe. Crime rates are low compared to many countries, and Irish people are known for their hospitality. Students should still take standard safety precautions, especially in busy urban areas.
Does it snow in Ireland?
Snow is rare in Ireland due to its mild, oceanic climate. When it does snow, it’s usually light and melts quickly, though higher areas may see more accumulation in winter.
Quiz: Republic of Ireland
Choose the right answer:
- What is the capital city of the Republic of Ireland?
- A. Belfast
- B. Cork
- C. Dublin
- D. Galway
- What nickname is Ireland commonly known by?
- A. The Golden State
- B. The Emerald Isle
- C. The Red Planet
- D. The Land of Fire
- Which languages have official status in the Republic of Ireland?
- A. English only
- B. Irish only
- C. English and Irish
- D. English and Scottish Gaelic
- About how much of the island of Ireland does the Republic of Ireland occupy?
- A. Half of the island
- B. Five-sixths of the island
- C. The whole island
- D. One-quarter of the island
- What currency is used in the Republic of Ireland?
- A. Pound sterling
- B. Euro (€)
- C. US Dollar ($)
- D. Lira
- When was the modern Irish state established as the Irish Free State?
- A. 1801
- B. 1922
- C. 1949
- D. 2000
- Which statement best describes Ireland’s typical climate?
- A. Very cold with heavy snowfall all winter
- B. Tropical and hot year-round
- C. Mild and wet, with snow rarely and briefly
- D. Dry desert climate
2. B. The Emerald Isle — Ireland is often called the Emerald Isle because of its green landscapes.
3. C. English and Irish — Both Irish (Gaeilge) and English are official languages.
4. B. Five-sixths of the island — The Republic covers about five-sixths of the island; Northern Ireland makes up the rest.
5. B. Euro (€) — Ireland uses the euro as its currency.
6. B. 1922 — The Irish Free State (modern Irish state) was established in 1922 after the Anglo-Irish Treaty.
7. C. Mild and wet, with snow rarely and briefly — Ireland has a temperate oceanic climate: generally mild and wet; heavy snow is uncommon.
Related Pages
Here are more pages about Ireland:
